Die Wirksamkeit von pflanzlichen Präparaten bei atopischer Dermatitis im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund/Ziel Phytotherapie wird zunehmend zur Behandlung dermatologischer Erkrankungen, insbesondere der atopischen Dermatitis (AD), eingesetzt. Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit war es, die Wirksamkeit topischer und systemischer pflanzlicher Interventionen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit AD zu bewerten.

Methoden Eine systematische Literaturrecherche in Medline/PubMed, Scopus und dem Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central) bis zum 12. April 2023 identifizierte randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs). Die Übersichtsarbeit folgte den PRISMA-Richtlinien, und die Qualität der Studien wurde mithilfe des Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools 2.0 sowie den GRADE-Kriterien bewertet. Eine Metaanalyse wurde unter Verwendung des Random-Effects-Modells durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 25 RCTs mit 2091 Teilnehmern eingeschlossen. Verschiedene pflanzliche Präparate, wie Sonnenblumenöl, Feige, Eibisch und Kokosnussöl, zeigten in einzelnen Studien eine vielversprechende Wirksamkeit. Eine Metaanalyse von 5 RCTs zu systemischem Nachtkerzenöl zeigte jedoch keinen signifikanten Unterschied im Vergleich zu Placebo.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass einige pflanzliche Präparate eine potenzielle Wirksamkeit bei AD aufweisen. Dennoch sind größere, methodisch robuste Studien notwendig, um klare Empfehlungen zur Anwendung pflanzlicher Therapien bei AD im Kindes- und Jugendalter aussprechen zu können.

Abstract

Efficacy of herbal medical products in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background/Aim Herbal medicine is increasingly used for the treatment of dermatological conditions, particularly atopic dermatitis (AD). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of both topical and systemic plant-based interventions in children and adolescents with AD.

Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central) up to April 12, 2023, focusing exclusively on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0, along with GRADE criteria. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

Results A total of 25 RCTs involving 2,091 participants were included. Various plant-based preparations, such as sunflower oil, fig, marshmallow, and coconut oil, showed promising efficacy in individual studies. However, a meta-analysis of 5 RCTs on systemic evening primrose oil revealed no significant difference compared to placebo.

Conclusions The findings suggest that certain plant-based preparations may exhibit potential efficacy in the management of AD. Nevertheless, larger, methodologically rigorous studies are necessary to provide clear recommendations for the use of herbal medicine in pediatric and adolescent AD.

Schlüsselwörter

Atopische Dermatitis - Phytotherapie - Kinder - Pädiatrie - Dermatologie - pflanzliche Präparate

Keywords

Atopic dermatitis - phytotherapy - children - plant-based preparations - systemic therapy

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